What does a GIS (Geographic Information System) primarily do?

A Geographic Information System (GIS) primarily maps and analyzes spatial data, making it a powerful tool in numerous fields, including urban planning, environmental science, and transportation. By integrating hardware, software, and data, GIS allows users to visualize, interpret, and understand patterns and relationships in spatial information.

This functionality is crucial for tasks such as resource management, navigation, and urban development, where geographic context plays a vital role in decision-making. GIS can also handle a variety of data types, including satellite imagery and GPS data, enabling analysts to create layered maps that provide a comprehensive view of the geographical information in question.

The other options do not capture the essence of what a GIS does: creating 3D models is typically associated with CAD software, processing financial transactions pertains to financial software systems, and tracking employee performance involves human resources management systems. Thus, the focus of GIS on spatial data is what sets it apart as a unique and essential tool.