Which financial statement primarily shows a company's assets, liabilities, and equity?

The financial statement that primarily shows a company's assets, liabilities, and equity is the Balance Sheet. This statement provides a snapshot of a company's financial position at a specific point in time.

On the Balance Sheet, assets represent everything the company owns, including cash, inventory, property, and equipment. Liabilities reflect what the company owes, such as loans, accounts payable, and other debts. Equity represents the residual interest in the assets of the company after deducting liabilities, which essentially reflects the ownership value held by shareholders.

In contrast, the Income Statement focuses on a company's revenues and expenses over a specific period, showcasing its profitability. The Cash Flow Statement tracks the inflow and outflow of cash within the company, demonstrating how well the company generates cash to meet its obligations and fund its operating activities. The Statement of Retained Earnings details changes in equity accounts due to retained earnings but does not directly summarize the company's overall financial position in terms of its assets and liabilities as the Balance Sheet does.